0 votes
in Verilog by (220 points)

How do you use $signed in Verilog?

3 Answers

0 votes
by (200 points)

The keyword signed is used to declare Verilog object data types as signed types. This is for better modelling a signed arithmetic when the MSB is assumed as the sign bit. I usualy don't use this and just code according with binary arithmetic rules but sometimes it is useful for avoiding mistakes. Also, Verilog makes a sign extension for objects of different sizes that are declared as signed.

Also there is $signed system function to cast a data as a signed data type. Example:

  wire signed [7:0] a, b;
wire signed [8:0] c;
assign c = a - b;
Actually, I can do the same by using just wire without 'signed' but the use of 'signed' makes it little more explicit. Also, signed is needed when want to use the >>> operator for an arithmetical shift right.
0 votes
by (200 points)

Default declaration in verilog is unsigned. If a signed variable needs to be declared then the signed keyword is used. Example declarations are given below:

reg signed [7:0] A;
wire signed [7:0] B;
input signed [15:0] C;
If we want to return a signed value of some specific operation or if we want any variable to be treated as signed during any specific operation then $signed is used. For example, consider the code given below:
wire [7:0] a; 
wire [7:0] b;
wire less;
assign less = ($signed(a) < $signed(b));
It is the same as the code below:
wire signed [7:0] a; 
wire signed [7:0] b;
wire less;
assign less = (a < b);
0 votes
by (240 points)

Of course, we can declare the variable as a sign type, but the best way to use a sign signal is self-control. That means we need to separate the sign and the value to control for each operation.

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